Merck Japan was established in 1968.

The origin of Merck goes back to the 17th century. In 1668, Friedrich Jacob Merck took over the Angel Pharmacy in Darmstadt, south of Frankfurt, Germany. 340 years later, Merck has grown to a pharmaceutical and chemical company with worldwide operations.

In 1827, Merck succeeded in the production of Morphine and other alkaloids in bulk. By 1850, Merck has established a sales network throughout Europe. In 1891, Georg Merck founded Merck & Co. in the USA, but later the company was confiscated by the US government.

Liquid crystals, which are now utilized for various LC displays, were first marketed by Merck in 1904. During 1927 to 1934, Merck successfully produced the world's first synthetic vitamin C and D. During 1960s, pearl luster pigments were developed by Merck.